Microwave reactivation system for standard and explosion-proof dehumidification

ABSTRACT

The Microwave System and method of reactivation is designed to provide an indirect, safe and energy efficient source of heat and temperature rise required in the reactivation section of the desiccant unit for the release into atmosphere of the water vapors which are accumulated in the desiccant rotor. This microwave reactivation system and method is based on heat transfer produced from a heated fluid which is pumped through a closed loop coil assembly. This closed loop coil assembly is located and runs through both the isolated heating chamber of the microwave section and the reactivation/regeneration section in the dehumidification system. The airstream passing through the reactivation intake section comes in contact with the coil assembly and is heated to the desired temperature prior to reaching the desiccant rotor.

RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 12/801,292filed Jun. 2, 2010, the entire disclosure of which is incorporatedherein by reference.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

Not Applicable

REFERENCE TO SEQUENCE LISTING, A TABLE, OR A COMPUTER PROGRAM LISTINGCOMPACT DISC APPENDIX

Not Applicable

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Dehumidification and the control of moisture/humidity are of extremeimportance and of crucial interest in numerous industrial sectors, suchas; offshore, onshore, marine and military. Several processes andtechniques have been designed and developed to address this seriousproblem. Some of these HVAC (Heating Ventilation and Air-Conditioning)hybrid systems which perform humidity control within specific spaces, doso primarily by using temperature; heating and expanding the air'scapability to absorb and retain moisture, thus lowering the relativehumidity and then by cooling the air temperature below its dew point,condensing and extracting the moisture/water vapors. Conventionalsystems, such as the basic cooling systems are comprised of coolingcoils, a condenser coil, ventilation fan and a compressor unit.

While these systems are widely used and may operate effectively invarious conditions, their main function and design purpose is toclimatise and provide heating and cooling of a specific area, withdehumidification as a byproduct result. These type systems are generallyused in various sites and conventional as well as hazardous industriallocation applications. The primary advantage of using these type systemsis that they do not generate hot airstreams or operate within hightemperatures which could potentially ignite or spark flammable vaporsand or even volatile gases found within the ambient air.

These cooling systems are generally very efficient while operating inwarmer humid climatic conditions mostly found in the southern hemispherebut are found to be inefficient and non-compatible when operating incolder, damp climatic conditions located in hazardous, volatileenvironments found in northern regions. The desiccant dehumidificationsystem operates on a completely different premise, which is that ofdifferential vapor pressures and water vapor depression. The greater thedampness and humidity in the air, the greater the water vaporconcentration and pressure.

In comparison, a dry desiccant rotor found in a desiccant baseddehumidification system has a very low water vapor pressure. When damphumid high vapor pressure air molecules come in contact with thedesiccant rotor's surface low vapor pressure, the molecules move fromhigh to low in an attempt to achieve equilibrium. As the wet dampairstream passes through the rotor, the molecules are retained by thedesiccant material and the resulting discharge air is delivered dry.Given that the desiccant dehumidification system does not utilize liquidcondensate or gases, it allows this system the capability to effectivelycontinue to operate and remove water vapors/moisture even when the dewpoint air temperature drops below freezing. Therefore, the desiccantdehumidification performance actually improves in colder temperaturesand is not affected by the same deficiencies/drawbacks usually found inconventional cooling-based and or hybrid systems which utilizecombinations of heating and cooling stages during operation.

The desiccant dehumidification systems are equipped with a desiccantrotor which is pierced and impregnated with a desiccant type material.The system includes two operational yet segregated sections; a processsection and a reactivation section. During regular operation, an ambientairstream flows through the process section and subsequently thedesiccant rotor, where the moisture is collected and removed from theairstream. The resultant is dry air discharge which is then deliveredinto the area or enclosure to be dehumidified. Simultaneously, anotherairstream passes through the desiccant dehumidifier and flows in theopposite direction through the segregated reactivation section andsubsequently through the rotor's desiccant material. This air streampassing through the reactivation section is heated approximately 200 to250 degrees F., prior to coming in contact with the rotors' surface.Heat has the effect of deactivating the desiccant material in the rotor,which in turn allows the material to release the water vapor moleculesinto the discharge airstream and to the outside atmosphere.

During the operating process, the desiccant rotor rotates slowly(approx. 8-10 rotations per minute) about its longitudinal axis. It hasbeen established that desiccant dehumidification systems are highlyeffective in greatly reducing and controlling moisture and humidity inthe air they are treating. Unfortunately, sometimes the energy requiredto operate such a system may be limited or not readily available,especially in the case of marine, offshore or remote mobile sites wherethese systems are required to operate.

This problem is caused by the fact that a high (heat) temperature risein the airflow is absolutely required in the reactivation section inorder to dry out the rotor desiccant material which usually translatesinto high energy requirements. The generating of heat is generallyaccomplished with the use of but not limited to the following systems;electric heating banks or elements, flame gas burners or submersibleheater immersed in a fluid running through coils located in the airflowpathway that act in a way to radiate and transfer heat onto thereactivation airflow.

These methods are generally the most commonly used means to heat thedesiccant dehumidification reactivation inlet airflow, so that the airtemperature rises to a degree set point, before coming in contact withthe rotor desiccant material. On the other hand, in the case of atypical mechanical dehumidification system where heating and or coolingprocesses are utilized separately or in combination such as a hybridsystem, the role of the heating element is to generate heat to expandand raise the temperature of the air volume lowering the relativehumidity. This airflow then goes through the refrigerant coils whichrapidly cool down the airflow temperature enabling the extraction ofmoisture as condensate. This new “Microwave Reactivation System” isdesigned and intended to be installed in standard and explosion-proofdehumidification systems for operation as a high heat generating source.In the preferred embodiment, this microwave reactivation system isinstalled in the reactivation section of either a standard orexplosion-proof desiccant dehumidification system.

This microwave reactivation system produces heat by generatingelectromagnetic waves which passes through materials and fluids, causingthe molecules within to rapidly oscillate in excitation and in turngenerating heat.

In the preferred embodiment, the medium used to store and transmit thisheat is a fluid. This fluid is moved by means of supply and returnpumps, flowing through a first parallel series of glass ceramic coilswhich is part of a closed-loop circuit, passing through the microwaveheating chamber where the fluid molecules are treated and exposed toelectromagnetic waves causing excitation and generating high heat. Thissuper heated fluid then flows through a second parallel series ofmetallic coils located in the lower reactivation section, in the directpath of the airflow. This heat transfer from the fluid to the coilssubstantially raises the temperature of the airflow as it comes incontact and passes across the surface of the coils. This heated airflowis then used to deactivate the perforated desiccant material which isimpregnated within the desiccant wheel/rotor, as it passes through it.This heat laden airstream has a demagnetizing effect on the desiccantmaterial enabling it to release the retained accumulated moisture andthus greatly lowering the vapor pressure in the desiccant material forreuse in the dehumidification process section. In an alternativeembodiment, the microwave reactivation system can also be adopted andinstalled in any mechanical heating/cooling hybrid or refrigerant typedehumidification system that must generate a heat source in order tosuccessfully accomplish the dehumidification process.

In the above types of dehumidification systems which are included butnot limited to, a heat source is required in order to raise the intakeambient airflow temperature, expand air volume and then allow therefrigerant cooling coils to rapidly cool down the processed airflow asit passes through, so that the suspended moisture can be extractedthrough condensation.

Essentially, the microwave reactivation system can replace otherconventional heat generating sources as previously mentioned but notlimited to, such as; electric heating banks and elements, flame gasburner or submersible heating element immersed in a fluid which raisesthe temperature producing heat. The installation and operation of thismicrowave reactivation system will enable the capability to achieve theheat generating requirements which are essential for operationalefficiency and optimum output of the mechanical hybrid, refrigerant andparticularly the desiccant dehumidification type processes.Simultaneously, due to its highly effective ratio of low energyrequirement versus high heat generating capabilities, the microwavereactivation heating system will substantially diminish the electricalpower demand and consumption without compromising on performance. It isessential for these industrial dehumidification systems and inparticular for the desiccant dehumidification system whether standard orexplosion-proof rated, to develop proper BTU heat generation for optimumdehumidification and peak operational performance. The microwavereactivation heating system enables to safely and effectively achieveand surpass all of the above requirements.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the broad aspect of an embodiment of the present invention,there is provided a Microwave Reactivation System which has the functionof heat generation for the reactivation section of a desiccant typedehumidification system or a mechanical dehumidification system whichcombines both heating and cooling. The mechanical heating/coolinghybrid, refrigerant or desiccant dehumidification systems are used forthe purpose of dehumidifying and drying materials and or an air volumewithin an enclosed area or space.

In the preferred embodiment, the Microwave Reactivation System isdesigned for use in the desiccant dehumidification type system. Thedesiccant dehumidification system is comprised of two operatingsections; the process and the reactivation sections. The desiccantdehumidification system has a desiccant rotor/wheel assembly which ismounted and rotates within a cabinet made up of two separate isolatedsections. The desiccant rotor/wheels' perforated core is impregnatedwith a desiccant type material which has the capability of capturing andretaining water vapors found in ambient air. The process section isintended as the collection and retention of the moisture/water vaporsfound in the ambient airflow. A blower located in the process section isprovided to propel at high velocity this airflow through the rotor,where the desiccant material retains the moisture and the airflow whichis discharged through the process outlet is delivered dry to theenclosure.

Simultaneously, another blower located in the reactivation sectionpropels the airflow which passes through the reactivation section. Thisairflow comes in contact and is heated by a series of hollow serpentinecoils which have an internal heated fluid which flows through it. Thehigh heat radiated off the coils is transferred through the coils andonto the airflow substantially raising the temperature as it comes incontact with the rotor surface. As the hot airflow passes through theperforated rotor, this process deactivates the desiccant materialenabling it to release the moisture into the airflow transporting thedamp air through a discharge outlet to the ambient atmosphere.

This perpetual process allows the rotor's core desiccant material torelease the moisture build-up as it rotates through the reactivationsection and then rotating back into the process section where it resumesthe removal of water vapor/moisture in the process airflow.

The Microwave Reactivation System is comprised of two separate sectionsworking together. The microwave section is made up of an explosion-proofouter cabinet with an inner casing which includes a cavity with innersurfaces thereof forming a microwave heating chamber. A shielding plateforming a compartment located above the microwave heating chamber is toprovide housing for the microwave power transformation componentstherein, such as; magnetron, high voltage transformer, diode, capacitorand other operational components.

In the preferred embodiment, the Microwave Reactivation System iscomprised of two separate coil assemblies combined as part of a singleclosed-loop system. They are mounted and firmly secured in place byusing a series of shock resistant mounting brackets. There is aglass-ceramic coil assembly which is mounted in the microwave heatingchamber and linked at two points to a metallic coil assembly which ismounted in the reactivation section. These coil assemblies are firmlylinked at two opposite points by means of fittings and seals which aresecurely connected to separate pumps, one for supply and the other forreturn. The pumps ensure a steady and continuous heater fluid flow fromthe microwave section to the reactivation section and back again. Thesepumps are oppositely located in a shielding plate forming a compartmentin between the microwave heating chamber and the reactivation section.This closed-loop circuit passes through both the microwave heatingchamber in the microwave section and the reactivation section of thedehumidification system. The hollow coil is constructed of one lengthand designed as a closed loop line, in which flows a heat transferfluid, such as a; thermal oil or heater liquid, used to carry thermalenergy. The fluid is continuously heated within the microwave section asit is pumped and circulates through the heating chamber and transferringthe accumulated thermal energy/heat to the coils which radiate onto theairflow as it passes through the reactivation section. The fluiduninterrupted movement is ensured by the installation and operation ofone or several explosion-proof pumps within the assembly. This ensuresthe circulation of the heated fluid from the heating chamber located inthe microwave section onto the reactivation section and back again in acontinuous process.

This Microwave Reactivation System therefore generates the heat sourceand airflow temperature rise which is required to properly deactivatethe desiccant material found in the rotor core, so that it can releasethe accumulated moisture/water vapors into the airstream beingdischarged to the ambient atmosphere.

The enormous benefits of the Microwave Reactivation System is that itperforms its primary function of providing a reactivation heat source,while greatly reducing the energy requirement for heat generation andoverall power consumption of the desiccant dehumidification system. Thisimportant energy savings allow for the dehumidification systems to bemore widely accessible and available in standard and critical hazardousapplications which would have been previously unserviceable due to powersupply limitations. The high energy requirements usually associated withthe use of standard dehumidification units is eliminated with theadaption of this microwave reactivation system.

Present sources of heat generation utilized in reactivation sectionssuch as; electric heating elements, account for the major share ofoperating energy of a desiccant or mechanical dehumidification system.Because of the greatly reduced electrical power requirements needed tooperate the microwave reactivation system, it therefore allows thedehumidification technology to be operated at optimum performance inenvironments and applications found onshore, offshore, marine andmilitary, where power availability may be limited and or utilized forother critical operational requirements.

The explosion-proof cabinet construction of the heating chamber part ofthe Microwave Reactivation System can be constructed and installed in anexisting explosion-proof dehumidification system ref.: U.S. Pat. No.7,308,798 B2, for use and operation in hazardous locations.

The Microwave Reactivation System can be also incorporated and adaptedto standard non-explosion-proof dehumidification systems such as;desiccant units requiring heat for reactivation and HVAC units which usea combination of heating and cooling in the dehumidification process.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING

The embodiments of the present invention shall be more clearlyunderstood by making reference to the following detailed description ofthe embodiments of the invention taken in conjunction with the followingaccompanying drawings which are described as follows;

FIG. 1 is the schematic diagram elevation and prospective views of thedehumidification system according to the preferred embodiment of theinvention. These corresponding views are enlarged and shown on FIGS. 3,4, 5, 8, 9 and 10.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram sectional view of the desiccantrotor/wheel assembly depicting the typical air flow movement drawn bythe suction blowers simultaneously across the microwave reactivation andprocess sections and through the desiccant rotor or wheel core materialduring operation of the dehumidification system along with the electricdrive motor for driving and rotating the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly(not to scale);

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram elevation view of the dehumidificationsystem shown also in unit view 1 FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram which combines a full sectional andelevation view of the dehumidification system 31 shown also in FIGS. 1,3 with the various dehumidification operational exposed sections;process section, microwave reactivation/regeneration section, microwaveheating chamber also shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 (not to scale);

FIG. 5 is a schematic elevation end view of the dehumidification systemshown also in unit view 2 FIG. 1 with the exposed closed-loopinter-linked coil assemblies shown also in FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 7 locatedjointly in the microwave heating chamber and the microwavereactivation/regeneration section. The airflow process inlet andreactivation outlet side including the high static blower, shown in FIG.4 (not to scale);

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram sectional view of the inner constructionof the closed-looped coils assemblies part of the Microwave ReactivationSystem. The microwave heating chamber coils assembly is connected to thereactivation section coils assembly shown also exposed in FIGS. 4, 5 and7. Included are the major operational components such as; capacitor,diode, high voltage transformer, heater fluid circulation pumps,magnetron, stirrer blade and wave guide (not to scale);

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram with a perspective and sectional view ofthe Microwave Reactivation System as shown also in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 (notto scale);

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram elevation side view of the airflow processinlet and reactivation outlet including the high static reactivationdischarge blower, shown in unit view 2 FIG. 1 and FIGS. 2, 4 and 5;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram sectional and perspective view shown inunit view 3 FIG. 1, which illustrates the cabinet's inner operationalsections such as the process and microwave reactivation, including thedesiccant rotor/wheel assembly compartment;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram perspective view shown in unit view 4FIG. 1;

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The description which follows and the embodiments described therein areprovided by way if illustration of an example, or examples of particularembodiments of principles and aspects of the present invention. Theseexamples are provided for the purpose of explanation and not oflimitation, of those principles of the invention.

In the description that follows, like parts are marked throughout thespecification and the drawings with the same respective referencenumerals. With regards to the nomenclature, the term “explosion-proof”as it is used throughout the specification in connection with theMicrowave Reactivation System FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 herein and or anyelectrical components, parts or modules as part of the microwavereactivation system 33, means that the enclosure thereof is capable ofwithstanding the pressure of an explosion or of an explosive mixtureexploding inside the enclosure without rupture and capable of preventingthe propagation of an explosion inside the enclosure to the atmospheresurrounding the enclosure. Referring to FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, theMicrowave Reactivation System as shown will be identified throughout thedescription by the numeral 33. Referring to FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9 and10, there is shown a dehumidification system identified throughout thedescription as numeral 31 and illustrated on FIG. 1 unit views 1, 2, 3and 4.

As will be explained in greater detail below, that the dehumidificationsystem 31 is operable to remove moisture/humidity from the air in aspecific enclosed space (not shown). The dehumidification system 31FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 10 can be installed inside or outside of anenclosed space and the dry air distributed by using duct work tubing. Byusing the microwave reactivation system 33 FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 7 in anexplosion-proof designed casing 34 FIGS. 3 and 4 as part of an overallexplosion-proof dehumidification system 31 which can be used near orwithin an enclosure located in a hazardous environment. A perfectexample is a location identified as Class. 1—Division/Zone 2 as definedin the 2002 edition of the Canadian Electrical Code, Part 1, Section 18entitled “Hazardous Locations”, published by the CSA Canadian StandardsAssociation, Toronto, Ontario; the disclosure of which is herebyincorporated for reference. In such a location, flammable gas or vaporsmay be present in the air in quantities sufficient to produce anexplosive or ignitable mixture.

However, while this hazard does not normally exist, it may occur underabnormal conditions. Examples of such hazardous locations includeoffshore installations and drilling platforms, nuclear plants,petrochemical/chemical plants, oil refineries military liveinstallations and armament storage facilities, etc. . . . As it will beexplained below in greater detail, that an explosion-proofdehumidification system 31 FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 10 is designedwith a microwave reactivation system 33 FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 7 in anexplosion-proof casing 34 FIGS. 3 and 4 would be well-suited for a safedeployment in such hazardous and volatile locations.

The dehumidification system 31 unit views 1, 2, 3, 4, FIG. 1 issupported and mounted inside a rectangular box-like, rigid steel frame16 FIG. 3. This frame 16 FIG. 3 is constructed from several structuralmembers assembled from top to bottom as; longitudinal beams 17 a, b,base longitudinal beams 17 c, d FIG. 3, transversal beams 22 a, b, cwith 22 d, e, supporting the electrical panel 30 and (PLC) programmablelogistic controller panel 29. Vertical posts 18 a, b, c, d, e, f FIG. 3with 18 g, h, supporting the PLC panel 29 and plug-in power cableconnector panel 28 and diagonal brace members 19 a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h,FIG. 3. There is also a u-shaped beam 23 comprised of a smalllongitudinal beam and two small transversal beams which surrounds andsupports the PLC panel 29 and plug-in power cable connector panel 28 andattaches to the vertical posts 18 c, e, providing support andsturdiness. There are three additional small longitudinal beams 24, 25,26 located behind the PLC panel and plug-in power cable connector panelwhich are attached to the vertical posts 18 g and 18 h also providingsupport and sturdiness to this framework surrounding the control andelectrical panels of the dehumidification system 31. The frame 16 FIG. 3also includes two base feet 20 a and 20 b FIG. 3 located at both endsfor positioning on a structural support surface as well as two sleevechannels 21 a, b, FIG. 3 located in the base center for fork lifting andfour corner lifting points 27 a, b, c, d FIG. 3 located at the topcorners of the frame, for inserting the hooks of a sling assembly toenable manipulation and displacement on a roof, floor or platform.

In the preferred embodiment, the dehumidification unit frame 16 isconstructed of stainless steel and the cabinet/casing 34 is constructedof stainless steel or aluminum in order to prevent rust accumulation,corrosion and deterioration even when used in abrasive environments,such as offshore marine applications. In an alternate embodiment, anepoxy coated resistant steel frame 16 and cabinet 32 type constructionmay also be used.

Therefore, the dehumidification system 31 FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 10is well supported by this frame structure 16 and benefits from enhancedand secured portability in all environments and locations. It can betransported and deployed with ease to various temporary or permanentwork sites and facilities. As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 10 theframe 16 FIG. 3 is open to thereby facilitate and enable access to theoverall dehumidification system 31 FIGS. 1 and 3 cabinet 32 FIGS. 1 and3 in order to verify the components and perform routine maintenance andrepairs. However it must be understood that in an alternativeembodiment, the frame 16 could be constructed with an outer shell,panels or walls which would encapsulate and form a structural enclosurewhich would house the dehumidification system 31 FIGS. 1 and 3 as wellas its operating components including the Microwave Reactivation Systemas described in 33 FIGS. 4, 5, 6 and 7. The construction of such anenclosed structure would definitely provide additional enhancedenvironmental protection for the dehumidification system 31 FIG. 1 andthe microwave reactivation system 33 FIGS. 4, 5, 6 and 7.

The overall design can be explained in an exemplary application, wherean explosion-proof dehumidification system 31 which is designed andequipped with the Microwave Reactivation System 33 FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 7 isencased in an explosion-proof housing 34 FIG. 3 that can be deployed ona work site which is categorized as a hazardous environment or location.On the other hand the same Microwave Reactivation System 33 FIGS. 4, 5,6, 7 could be incorporated in a standard desiccant dehumidification orHVAC system as heat generating source, in order to greatly reduce powerrequirements and electrical consumption while enabling heat generationin these systems in order for them to perform efficiently. The controlof negative effects such as corrosion and failures on materials, systemsand components created by high humidity, moisture on work sites such as;offshore, marine, etc. . . . are of crucial and extreme importance. Inaddition, coupled with the hazardous locations and volatile environmentswhich may potentially exist, adds a major concern for the coating,blasting and resurfacing work of metal surfaces to remove protectivecoatings thereby exposing the underlying metal surfaces to the ambientair. Maintenance procedures and work which must be performed onmechanical systems, electrical/electronic equipment and components arealso seriously affected and compromised by these high humidityconditions. If the level of humidity in contact with these substances isleft unchecked or uncontrolled, the exposed metal surfaces will corrode,deteriorate and or fail before the new protective coating can beapplied. Mechanical systems, electrical equipment and electroniccomponents are also at risk of corrosion, deterioration and operationalfailure if exposed to these same uncontrolled damp and humid conditions.

Deployment of the dehumidification system 31 FIGS. 1, 3, 4 on the worksite will substantially reduce the moisture concentration within anenclosure or area and therefore, mitigate and greatly reduce the risk ofcorrosion, deterioration and subsequently system failure. In addition,by incorporating the Microwave Reactivation System 33 FIGS. 4, 5, 6 and7 in the dehumidification system 31 FIGS. 1, 3, 4 this will enable toachieve important reductions in electrical power requirement andconsumption without compromising and delivering optimum systemperformance. This highly important benefit acquired when using theMicrowave Reactivation System 33 FIGS. 4, 5, 6 and 7 will enable thecapacity to achieve substantial energy savings without compromising onthe advantages of the dehumidification system and technology 31. Theinclusion of the microwave reactivation system 33 into thedehumidification system 31 will enable highly effective dehumidificationand the capability to operate in areas, applications and sites withlimitations on energy and electrical power supply availability. Giventhe portability of the dehumidification system 31 FIGS. 1, 3, 4 which isdesigned and equipped with the Microwave Reactivation System 33 FIGS. 4,5, 6 and 7 this allows for rapid movement to another application or worksite within the facility once the various work projects such ascorrosion maintenance or resurfacing and recoating have been completed.In reference to the construction, FIGS. 2, 4 demonstrate the componentsof the dehumidification system 31 FIGS. 1, 3, 4 which includes; adesiccant rotor or wheel assembly 5 FIGS. 2, 4 with a process section 35FIGS. 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and a microwave heating chamber 36 FIGS. 4, 5,6, 7 as part of the reactivation or regeneration section 38 FIGS. 2, 4,5, 6, 7 and 9.

The process airflow 13 FIGS. 2 and 4 is drawn through the processsection 35 FIGS. 2, 4, 6 and the perforated desiccant rotor/wheelassembly 5 core material 6 FIGS. 2, 4, 6, 7 by means of a high staticsuction blower and motor assembly 14 FIGS. 2, 4, 9 which draws throughand propels the dry process airflow 13 and discharging it to theenclosed space or zone to be dehumidified and treated. The MicrowaveReactivation System 33 FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 7 includes the microwave heatingchamber 36 FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 7 which incorporates the glass ceramic coilsassembly 39 and the reactivation section 38 which incorporates thereactivation metallic coils assembly 9. The Microwave ReactivationSystem 33 is used for heating of the reactivation airflow 15 FIGS. 2, 4,6, 7 prior to it coming in contact with the desiccant core material 6 inthe desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 FIGS. 2, 4, 6 and 7.

A second high static suction blower 8 FIGS. 2, 3, 4, 8 draws thereactivation airflow 15 which has been heated as it flows through thereactivation metallic coils assembly 9 and desiccant rotor/wheelassembly 5 perforated core material 6 FIGS. 2, 4, 6 and 7. This heatedreactivation airflow 15 has a deactivating effect on the desiccant corematerial's 6 retention properties which enables the desiccant corematerial 6 to release the trapped moisture vapors into the reactivationairflow 15 FIGS. 2, 4, 6 and 7. This hot and moisture laden reactivationairflow 15 is drawn downstream and discharged outside into the ambientenvironment away from the dehumidified and treated space or enclosure.

A (PLC) programmable logistical controller panel 29 FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 8, 9,10 is responsible for governing the various ongoing operations of thesystems and components of the dehumidification system 31 andparticularly the actuation of the Microwave Reactivation System 33 FIGS.4, 5, 6, 7 which includes the thermal fluid (not shown), the circulationsupply 40 and return 41 pumps FIGS. 4 and 6 and the microwavereactivation system high voltage part 40 components FIG. 6 such as;magnetron 41, HV transformer 42, capacitor 43, diode 44, electricalconduit 45, wave guide 46 and stirrer blades and motor assembly 47. ThePLC controller panel 29 FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10 also governs thereactivation 8 and process 14 blowers FIGS. 2 and 4, the desiccantrotor/wheel rotation motor & assembly 11 FIGS. 2, 4, 5, 8, and controlsthe operation of the dehumidification system 31. The PLC controllerpanel 29 is assisted by input received from various airflow andtemperature sensors 48, 49, 50 FIG. 6 located in the microwave heatingchamber 36, the reactivation section 38 down flow and aft of themetallic coils assembly 39 and the process section down flow and aft ofthe desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5. The electrical box with bolted lid30, the (PLC) programmable logistic controller 29 and plug-in powercable connector panel 28 FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10 are housed in agenerally square or rectangular design protective type enclosures. ThePLC controller panel 29 has a hinged lid and screw type fasteners 50FIGS. 3 and 4 and angles at various points for attachment and tightsealing of the lid. The electrical box 30, PLC controller panel 29 andthe plug-in power cable connector panel 28 protective type enclosurescan be designed as standard or explosion-proof rated enclosures.

In the preferred design, the electrical box 30, PLC controller panel 29and plug-in power cable connector panel 28 protective enclosures areconstructed of either stainless steel or of aluminum. Referring to FIGS.2, 4 and 5, the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 FIGS. 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8is housed in a rectangular shaped cabinet 32 FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10supported on cross members 20 a, b FIGS. 1 and 3 of the unit frame 16.

In the preferred embodiment, the cabinet 32 FIGS. 1, 3 is constructedfrom stainless or from welded aluminum, coated with a durable resistantenamel or air-dry polyurethane corrosion resistant paint steel in orderto resist corrosion. The cabinet 16 FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 10includes top and bottom walls, front and rear spaced walls and opposedside walls as shown. As shown in unit view 2 FIG. 1 and FIGS. 5 and 8adjacent the bottom wall, the front wall has the process inlet 51 andthe reactivation outlet 54. The process inlet 51 is to allow airflow topass into the process section 35 FIGS. 2 and 4 through the desiccantrotor/wheel assembly 5. Mounted at the process inlet 51 FIGS. 2, 3, 4there could be installed an intake filter (not shown) for removingairborne contaminants or dust particles found in the ingested processairflow 13 prior to it entering the process section 35 and through thedesiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 and core material 6. The intake filter(not shown) installation in some applications tends to prevent the dustparticles from accumulating within the process section 35 FIGS. 2 and 4and clogging the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 core material 6channels 7 which will affect the performance of the desiccantrotor/wheel 5 and the overall operating dehumidification system 31 FIG.1.

In the preferred embodiment, the intake filter (not shown) would belocated at the process inlet 51 and is constructed as a metallic meshfilter which is washable and can be removed for cleaning and rinsing ofdust and particles. As also shown in unit view 2 FIG. 1 and FIGS. 2, 4,5, 8 the front wall also has a reactivation outlet 54 wet air dischargewhich permits the reactivation airflow 15 to flow through the desiccantrotor/wheel assembly 5 core material 6, out from the reactivationsection 38 and expelled through the reactivation outlet 54 for theevacuation of the wet air discharge into the atmosphere. In an alternateembodiment, there could be installed in reactivation outlet 54 amanually operated damper assembly (not shown) including at least (1) oneor more rotating louvers for selectively restricting the airflow out ofthe reactivation outlet 54. The use of this feature can increase theheat retention within the reactivation section 38 which will in turnincrease the efficiency of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 corematerial 6 by accelerating the deactivation and drastically affectingthe retention capabilities of the desiccant core material 6, which inturn speeds up the drying out of the desiccant core material 6 withinthe desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 as it rotates back into the processsection 35 to resume its sorption (adsorption) operating cycle. In thepreferred embodiment, there are (2) two explosion-proof rated highstatic suction blowers and motor assemblies; one is a forward curvedblower with direct drive motor assembly 14 is located in the processsection 35 and the other an axial type blower with direct drive motorassembly 8 is located in the reactivation section 38 FIGS. 2 and 4.

In both the process section 35 and the reactivation section 38 theblowers and direct drive motor assemblies housings 55 and 56 FIGS. 2 and4 are secured within and to the cabinet 32 compartment bases, sides andupper walls by means of reinforced L and C shaped brackets and clamps(not shown) with bolt and nut assemblies (not shown). As viewed in FIGS.2 and 4, the process outlet 52 allows for the discharge of the dryprocess airflow 13 which is drawn through the desiccant rotor/wheelassembly 5 core material 6 channels 7 in the process section 35 by theforward curved high static blower 14 driven by an electric direct drivemotor (not shown) and through the process outlet 52 directly into theenclosure to be dehumidified. In an alternative embodiment, mounted inthe process outlet 52 (dry air supply) there could be a manuallyoperated damper assembly (not shown) including at least (1) one or morerotating louvers for selectively restricting the dry process airflow 13out of the process outlet 52 (dry air supply) to increase the airpressure when required to the dehumidified area or enclosure. The secondblower and motor assembly 8 FIGS. 2 and 4 is located in the reactivationsection 38 outlet 54 and is a high static axial type blower with directdrive motor assembly 8 installed and secured within and to the cabinet32 compartment. As viewed in FIGS. 2 and 4, this high static axial typeblower 8 discharges out of the reactivation outlet 54 the hot moistureladen reactivation airflow 15 which is drawn into the reactivationintake, through the Microwave Reactivation System 33 heating coilsassembly 9 and flowing through the perforated desiccant rotor/wheelassembly 5 core material 6. This high static suction blower 8 is drivenby an electric direct drive motor (not shown).

In an alternative embodiment, mounted in the reactivation outlet 54 (wetair discharge) there could be a manually operated damper assembly (notshown) including at least (1) one or more rotating louvers forselectively restricting the airflow 15 out of the reactivation outlet54. This restriction of the reactivation airflow 15 induces thetemperature within the reactivation section 38 to rise, which has theeffect of further deactivating the desiccant rotor/wheel 5 core material6 retention capabilities. This restriction induces the core material 6to release into the reactivation airflow 15 greater quantities and morerapidly its accumulated moisture. This damper assembly is only utilizedas required. In the preferred embodiment, as viewed in FIGS. 2 and 4both of the electric direct drive motors (not shown) used for drivingthe high static suction blowers 14 and 8 in the process 35 andreactivation 38 sections are completely enclosed and designed to beexplosion-proof or intrinsically safe for use in hazardous environments.However it will be appreciated and understood that the electric directdrive motors which drive the process and reactivation section blowers 14and 8 need not be electric motors.

In alternative embodiments, there may be installed either hydraulic,pneumatic or steam driven motors designed and approved with hazardouslocation classification, which could be utilized to accomplish the sametask of driving the process section 35 high static suction blower 14 andreactivation section 38 high static suction blower 8. As shown in unitview 1 and 3 FIG. 1 and FIGS. 3, 4, 9 adjacent the bottom wall, the rearwall has the process outlet 52 and the reactivation inlet 53.

The process outlet 52 allows for the discharge of the dry processairflow 13 which is drawn through the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5core material 6 in the process section 35 by the forward curved highstatic blower 14. This high static blower 14 is located at the processoutlet 52 installed and secured firmly within the cabinet 32compartment. The forward curved high static blower 14 is driven by anelectric direct drive explosion-proof motor (not shown). The dry processairflow 13 is in turn discharged and propelled at high velocity throughthe process outlet 52 directly into the enclosure or area to bedehumidified and treated. As also shown in unit views 1 and 3 FIG. 1 andFIGS. 3, 4, 9 the rear wall also has a reactivation inlet 53 whichpermits the ambient air to flow into the reactivation section 38. In analternate embodiment, mounted at the intake of the reactivation inlet 53there could be installed an intake filter (not shown) for removingairborne contaminants or dust particles found in the incoming airflowentering the reactivation section. Installation of these intake filtersin some applications tends to prevent the dust particles fromaccumulating within the reactivation 38 or process 35 sections FIGS. 2and 4 eventually clogging the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 corematerial 6 channels 7 which will affect the performance of the desiccantrotor/wheel 5 core material 6 and the overall operating system.

The type intake filters will now be explained in detail. In thepreferred embodiment, there are installed two (2) industrial typemetallic mesh filters (not shown) to avoid ingestion of dust particlesand or foreign objects.

As shown in unit views 2 and 4 FIGS. 1, 3, 4, one of these filters (notshown) is located at the intake of the process inlet 51 and the other atthe intake of the reactivation inlet 53. The filters (not shown) areconstructed of metallic mesh which is washable and can be removed forcleaning and rinsing of dust and particles.

The invention; Microwave Reactivation System 33 for Standard andExplosion-Proof Dehumidification System will now be explained in greaterdetail. As viewed in FIGS. 2, 4, 6 and 7, the reactivation airflow 15 isdrawn into the intake 53 of the reactivation section 38, flowing throughthe microwave reactivation system super heated metallic coils assembly9. The reactivation airflow 15 air temperature is rapidly raised to aset point (approx. 200 to 250 degrees F.) prior to coming in contactwith the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 core material 6. The superheated reactivation airflow 15 passing through the desiccant corematerial 6 demagnetizes the core material 6 channels 7 which areimpregnated with a desiccant coating. This high heat within thereactivation airflow 15 creates a deactivating effect on the retentionproperties of the core material 6 which in turn allows for in some casesgreater release of moisture vapors/water droplets into the reactivationairflow 15 and discharged through the reactivation outlet 54 to ambient.Mounted in the reactivation outlet is a manually operated damperassembly (not shown) including at least (1) one or more rotating louversfor selectively restricting the air flow out of the reactivation outlet54.

As previously mentioned, the use of this feature in some applicationsmay be recommended in order to increase the heat retention within thereactivation section 38 which will in turn deactivate the retentioncapabilities of the desiccant core material 6 inducing a greater andmore rapid release of moisture vapors embedded in the desiccantrotor/wheel assembly 5 core material 6.

Therefore, the inducing of increased temperature within the reactivationsection 38, will in some operational cases promote a faster drying outof the desiccant core material 6 so that it can resume its moistureretention capabilities as it rotates back into the process section 35also known as the sorption (adsorption) cycle. As viewed in unit views1, 2, 3 FIG. 1 and FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 8 and 9, both of the process sectioninlet 51 and outlet ports 52 as well as the reactivation inlet 53 andoutlet 54 ports are designed and adapted to receive flexible or rigidducting for air recirculation and distribution. Given the enclosedtubular design, ducting is also used to maintain airflow pressureenabling the delivery and distribution of dry air to specific targetareas to be dehumidified that are not in proximity to thedehumidification unit 31. As shown in FIG. 3 that the side wall hasouter access panels 56 a to 56 i with latch assemblies (not shown) whichlock and unlock to allow for easy access during servicing andmaintenance. These panels 56 a to 56 h (except 56 b) FIG. 4 enable quickaccess to all the dehumidification unit 31 operational systems and majorcomponents.

These operational components include; desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5and rotation motor assembly 11 FIGS. 2, 4, microwave reactivation system33 FIGS. 4, 6, 7 which includes the high voltage part 40 and components41 to 47, the microwave heating chamber 36 which houses theglass-ceramic coils assembly 39, the reactivation section 38 whichincorporates the metallic coils assembly 9 and the supply and returnthermal fluid circulation pumps 40 and 41. Other accessible componentswithin the process 35 and reactivation 38 sections are the high staticblowers with direct drive motor assemblies 8 and 14. All of these accesspanels 56 a to 56 h (except 56 b) FIG. 4 may be designed and providedwith a small window (not shown) in order to allow for visual inspectionof the various components including more specifically the desiccantrotor/wheel assembly 5 and rotation motor assembly 11, the blowers andmotor assemblies 8 and 14 and particularly the Microwave ReactivationSystem 33 and its various components. The other cabinet 32 side wallaccess panel 56 b FIG. 4 allows for access to the compartment usedduring shipment of the dehumidification system's 31 for storage of thequick disconnect electrical supply cables (not shown) and flexibleducting sleeves (not shown) used for air distribution. With reference tothe desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 FIGS. 2, 4, 5, 6 and 8 it ismounted upright and perpendicular to the base within the cabinet 32accessed through panel 56 f between two interior walls thereof as shownon FIG. 4 which are located fwd and aft of the desiccant rotor/wheelassembly 5. The desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 is supported on two (2)sets of roller bearings 58 FIGS. 2, 4, 5, 8 permanently affixed at thebase at the 5 and 7 o'clock positions.

The desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 outer metallic shell 57 rests onthese (2) two sets of roller bearings 58 providing not only support butallowing for rotational movement of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5about its longitudinal axis as it operates within the process sectionand reactivation section which incorporates the Microwave ReactivationSystem 33.

In the preferred embodiment, there is an explosion-proof electric drivemotor 11 FIGS. 2, 4, 5, 8, which provides for driving rotation of thedesiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 along its longitudinal axis. In thecase where a standard non-explosion-proof motor is installed, in orderto mitigate and avoid the hazard of explosion caused by sparking frombrush contacts within the electric motor, the electric drive rotationmotor 11 can also be encapsulated within a housing (not shown)classified with an explosion-proof rating. In an alternative embodimentand design adapted for some applications, the electric drive rotationmotor 11 may include an internal ventilation fan for cooling theelectric drive rotation motor 11. Alternatively, the electric driverotation motor 11 may be designed and fitted with an air bleed/purgingdevice (not shown). This air bleed/purging device can build up apositive pressure of air within the casing in order to decrease anybuild-up of flammable gases or volatile vapors and maintain conditionswithin tolerable and acceptable levels. This device prevents and avoidsexplosive volatile gases and vapor accumulation and expanding into theelectrical sources which could cause high risk of sparking and igniting.

Though the preferred embodiment demonstrates the use of an electricdrive rotation motor 11, it must be appreciated that in otheralternative embodiments, the motor could be powered and drivenpneumatically or hydraulically in order to perform the same function. Asshown in FIGS. 2, 4, 5, 8 the electric drive rotation motor 11 isconnected to the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 by way of a gearbox(not shown) which in turn drives a self-tension drive belt 12 FIGS. 2,4, 5, 6, 8. The gearbox (not shown) provides for drive rotation motor 11speed to be reduced allowing for the specified desiccant rotor/wheelassembly 5 rotations to be achieved.

In the preferred embodiment, the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 isdriven to complete one full rotation every 8 to 10 minutes. Therotations could vary according to the diameter and thickness of thedesiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 as well as the specific applicationsand operational environment where it may be utilized. The electric driverotation motor 11 is connected to a junction box (not shown) designedand rated explosion-proof. The electric drive rotation motor 11 isconnected to the (PLC) programmable logic controller panel 29 FIGS. 3,4, 5, 8, 10 rated explosion-proof for hazardous location, through anelectrical conduit system (not shown) assembled within thedehumidification system frame 16 FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10 for protectionfrom the external environment and elements. This electrical conduitsystem (not shown) is internally comprised of electrical lines (notshown) which are encapsulated within the conduit in a sealed metaltubing (not shown) and connected to the junction box. (not shown).

In an alternative embodiment, it must be appreciated that the electricalconduit system which houses the electrical lines/wiring which are linkedto the junction box may be designed and housed externally on the unit.As best demonstrated in FIGS. 2, 4, 6 the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5 includes an electrically conductive outer metallic shell or casing 57and a monolithic core which is the desiccant core material 6. In thepreferred embodiment, the outer casing or shell 57 is made of aluminum.However, it will be appreciated that in alternative embodiments, othertype of electrically conductive alloys or metals could also be used inthe fabrication of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 outer shell orcasing 57. The core of the desiccant material 6 as shown in FIG. 2 isperforated and has a matrix made up of small uniformed tunnels orchannels 7 with honeycomb, circular or square like shaped walls. Thesesmall uniformed channels 7 run parallel to the axis of the airflow (boththe process 35 and reactivation 38). The desiccant core material 6tunnel walls are constructed of a non-metallic, non-corrosive inertcomposite. The walls are made of extruded fiberglass paper fibers withan opening measuring at least 5 microns in diameter and arecoated/impregnated with a solid desiccant type material which couldpreferably be, but is not limited to; silica gel, titanium silica gel,molecular sieve or lithium chloride, including other types of desiccantmaterials which can withstand repeated temperature fluctuations andmoisture cycling. The desiccant material is evenly spread throughout thecore 6 FIG. 2 of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5.

When the desiccant core material 6 is cool and dry, it extracts themoisture from the airflow 13 (called sorption) because of its low vaporconcentration and pressure in comparison to the incoming airflow whichusually has a higher vapor concentration. Conversely, the desiccant corematerial 6 will release moisture as it is induced by the heated airflow15 (called desorption) because under these conditions the desiccantmaterial will tend to have a high vapor concentration and pressure whichis released by the introduction of heat. The desiccant rotor/wheelassembly 5 FIGS. 2 and 4 is considered to be an active desiccantrotor/wheel because it performs its tasks of sorption and desorption bycontinuously rotating about its longitudinal axis, passing through theprocess 35 and reactivation 38 cycles and back for reuse in a perpetualprocess. This alternating cycle from high to low vapor pressures FIGS. 2and 4 enables the sorption of moisture from the process airflow 35 anddesorption, releasing moisture into the reactivation/regenerationairflow 38.

In the preferred embodiment, as shown on FIGS. 2, 4, 6 and 7 thedesiccant dehumidification system 31 uses reactivation airflow 15 whichis heated by the microwave reactivation system 33 metallic coilsassembly 9 located within the reactivation section 38. This heatedreactivation airflow 15 has a demagnetizing effect as it passes throughthe channels 7 of the desiccant core material 6 within the desiccantrotor/wheel assembly 5 which in turn releases the moisture back into thereactivation airflow 15 which is discharged to ambient.

Because the moisture removal in the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5core material 6 occurs in the vapor phase, there is no liquidcondensate. Therefore, the desiccant dehumidification system 31 cancontinue to extract moisture from the process airflow 13 even when thedewpoint of the process airflow 13 is below freezing. Consequently, incomparison to the conventional heating cooling hybrid or refrigerantbased dehumidification systems, the desiccant dehumidification system 31tends to be extremely more versatile in various climatic conditions andcertainly better suited to operate in regions having cold and humidclimates.

In the preferred embodiment, the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 isinstalled and utilized within the standard or explosion-proof desiccantdehumidification system 31 and can be supplied by any approved desiccantrotor/wheel manufacturer which meets the industry standards and approvedequipment specifications.

In the preferred embodiment, the portion of the core 6 of the desiccantrotor/wheel assembly 5 which is reactivated or regenerated FIG. 2 issectioned off by a V-shaped partition member 59 FIG. 2 which is mountedin the cabinet 32 and which isolates and segregates a pie-shaped sectionapproximately ¼ (one-quarter) of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5core material 6 from the remaining portion of the core 6 thereof, whichdefines the reactivation section 38 of the desiccant rotor/wheelassembly 5.

The remaining portion approximately ¾ (three-quarters) of the desiccantrotor/wheel assembly 5 core material 6 FIG. 2 defines the processsection 35 of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5. The reactivationportion of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 core material 6 maycover between one-quarter to one third of the surface core material 6area of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5. In the preferredembodiment, the reactivation portion of the desiccant rotor/wheelassembly 5 core material 6 covers one-quarter of the surface core area.As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, 5, 8, during the operation of thedehumidification system 31, the portions of the desiccant rotor/wheelassembly 5 core material 6 which define the process section 35 and thereactivation section 38 are constantly changing as a result of therotation of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 by the electric driverotation motor 11 which are linked by a rotation belt 12. Accordingly,as the portion of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 core material 6that is exposed to the process airflow 13 defines the process section35, likewise the portion of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 corematerial 6 that is exposed to the reactivation airflow 15 defines thereactivation section 38. Passing through three-quarters (75%) portionFIGS. 2, 4, 5, 8 of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 core material 6surface, the process airflow 13 is drawn by means of a high staticblower 14 FIGS. 2 and 4 into the process intake 51 through the processsection 35 and propelled by the high static type blower 14 through theprocess outlet 52.

Simultaneously, the reactivation airflow 15 travelling in the directionopposite to that of the process airflow 13 is drawn into thereactivation intake 53 by means of a high static axial type blower 8through a series of parallel super heated metallic coils assembly 9 partof the microwave reactivation system 33 within the reactivation section38. The reactivation airflow 15 continues its path through the V-shapedone-quarter (25%) portion of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 corematerial 6 surface. The reactivation airflow 15 which is saturated withmoisture vapors is then expelled by the high static axial type blower 8and discharged through the reactivation outlet 54 to ambient. As shownin FIGS. 2, 4, 5, 8, it will thus be understood that as it rotates, thedesiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 processes two completely separate,counter-flowing or opposing airflows within its two sections; theprocess section 35 and the reactivation section 38. Two (2) pressureseals 60 FIGS. 2, 4, 6 mounted fore and aft of the desiccant rotor/wheelassembly 5 at the extremities of the outer shell rim and at the edges ofV-shaped partition member 59 FIG. 2 are provided in order to separateand completely isolate the process airflow 13 from the reactivationairflow 15 and eliminate any possible air leakage or moisture crossoverwithin the two operating sections located in the dehumidification system31 cabinet 32.

In the preferred embodiment, the frame 16 FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10will serve as ground, but it will be appreciated that in otherembodiments, an alternative ground system including an electrical groundcould be utilized.

With reference to FIGS. 4, 5, 6, and 7 the Microwave Reactivation System33 will now be described in greater detail. The Microwave ReactivationSystem 33 can be installed in either a standard or explosion-proof rateddesiccant dehumidification system 31.

In the preferred embodiment, the microwave heating chamber 36 part ofthe Microwave Reactivation System 33 is encapsulated in anexplosion-proof type construction casing 34 including the microwaveelectrical and electronic high voltage part 40 components for use inhazardous locations and volatile environments.

This Microwave Reactivation System 33 FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 7 rapidly producesintense heat by generating electromagnetic RF waves which pass throughmaterials and fluids, causing the molecules within to move rapidly inexcitation, causing atomic motion which generates heat. In the preferredembodiment, the medium used to store and transmit this heat is asynthetic thermal fluid (not shown) located in the hollow coilsassemblies 9 and 39 of the closed-loop circuit. As illustrated in FIGS.2, 4, 6, 7 this thermal fluid is moved by means of supply 40 and return41 pumps, flowing through a first parallel series of glass ceramic coilsassembly 39 located in the microwave heating chamber 36 where the fluidmolecules are treated and exposed to electromagnetic waves causingexcitation, high temperature rise and heat generation within the fluid.This super heated thermal fluid (not shown) is then pumped and flowsthrough a second parallel series of metallic coils assembly 9 located inthe compartment below called the reactivation section 35 coming indirect contact and in the path of the reactivation airflow 15.

The heat transfer from the super heated thermal fluid (not shown) withinthe metallic coils assembly 9 in the reactivation section 38substantially raises the temperature of the reactivation airflow 15 asit comes in contact and passes across the surface of the metallic coilsassembly 9. This heated reactivation airflow 15 is then used todeactivate the perforated desiccant core material 6 within the desiccantrotor/wheel assembly 5 as it flows through it. This heated airflow has ademagnetizing effect on the desiccant core material 6 enabling it torelease the retained accumulated moisture, exhausting it through thereactivation outlet 54 to ambient. This heat generating reactivationprocess 38 removes the moisture vapors from the desiccant core material6 greatly lowering its moisture vapor concentration and pressureenabling the desiccant core material 6 to be re-energized for reuse inthe air dehumidification process section 35. In an alternativeembodiment and in the spirit of the invention, the microwavereactivation system 33 is designed and can be utilized as a heatgenerating system and also installed not only in desiccantdehumidification system 31 but also in any mechanical heating/coolinghybrid or refrigerant type dehumidification system (not shown) that mustgenerate and incorporate a heat source in order to successfullyaccomplish the dehumidification process.

In the above mentioned types of dehumidification systems which areincluded, a heat source is required in order to raise the ambient intakeairflow temperature, expanding the air volume and then allowing therefrigerant cooling coils to rapidly cool down the processed airflow asit passes through.

This enables the extraction of the suspended moisture vapors suspendedwithin the airflow through condensation. Therefore, the MicrowaveReactivation System 33 can also be a modular system that can be adaptedto retrofit any conventional air treatment and conditioning, mechanicalpower or heat generating systems to provide a highly effective and costefficient super heat generating source.

The Microwave Reactivation System 33 FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 7 power generationis divided into two parts, the control part 29 and the high-voltage part40. In the preferred embodiment, the control part is actually comprisedof the programmable logic controller also referred to as PLC panel 29and of which the casing is explosion-proof in design. The PLC panel 29controls and governs the power output and desired operational settings,monitors the various system functions, interlock protections and safetydevices. Also in the preferred embodiment, the components in thehigh-voltage part 40 FIG. 6 are also explosion-proof rated and orencapsulated in an explosion-proof rated housing (not shown). Referringto FIG. 6, these components serve to step up the voltage to a muchhigher voltage which is then converted into microwave energy in themicrowave heating chamber 36. Generally, the control part includeseither an electromechanical relay or an electronic switch called a triac(not illustrated). Once the system is turned on, sensing that allsystems are “go,” the control circuit in the PLC controller panel 29generates a signal that causes the relay or triac to activate, therebyproducing a voltage path to the high-voltage transformer 42.

By adjusting the on-off ratio of this activation signal, the controlpart governs the flow of voltage to the high-voltage transformer 42thereby controlling the on-off ratio of the magnetron tube 41 and theoutput power to the microwave heating chamber 36. In the high-voltagepart 40 FIG. 6, the high-voltage transformer 41 along with a specialdiode 44 and capacitor 43 arrangement serve to increase the voltage toan extreme high voltage for the magnetron 41. The magnetron 41dynamically converts the high voltage it receives into undulating wavesof electromagnetic energy. This microwave energy is then transmittedinto a metal rectangular channel identified as a waveguide 46 whichdirects the microwave energy or waves into the microwave heating chamber36. The effective and even distribution of the electromagnetic energy orwaves within the entire microwave heating chamber 36 is achieved by therevolving metal stirrer blades and motor assembly 47. In the preferredembodiment, FIGS. 6 and 7, high tensile and heat resistant glass ceramichollow tubing capable of withstanding wide temperature variations isused in the construction of the glass ceramic coils assembly 39 locatedin the microwave heating chamber 36. The electromagnetic energy or wavesproduced by the magnetron 41 are dispersed by the metal stirrer bladesand motor assembly 47 and come in contact with the entire glass ceramiccoils assembly 39 located within the microwave heating chamber 36.

The thermal fluid (not shown) flowing in these hollow coils is thensimultaneously treated and exposed to this electromagnetic energycausing molecular excitation, atomic motion, high temperature risebetween 250-300 degrees Fahrenheit and heat generation.

This super heated thermal fluid is simultaneously siphoned and propelledby means of a supply pump 40 flowing into and through the metallic coilsassembly 9 located in the compartment below called the reactivationsection 38.

In the preferred embodiment, as demonstrated in FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 7 thehollow tubing of the metallic coils assembly 9 located in thereactivation section 38 is constructed of steel, aluminum or other hightensile and heat resistant metal which is adaptable to extremetemperature variances and which can effectively retain and radiate heat.It is important to note that the diameter of the tubing of the metalliccoils assembly 9 in the reactivation section 38 may be either smaller orof the same size in comparison to the diameter of the glass-ceramiccoils assembly 39 in the microwave heating chamber 36. Also in thepreferred embodiment, the distance between the coils of the metalliccoils assembly 9 in the reactivation section 38 is narrower and thenumber of actual coils is 1.5 times greater but in an alternate designmay be up to 2 times greater in number comparatively to theglass-ceramic coils assembly 39 located in the microwave heating chamber36. This construction allows for a greater temperature rise and a moreefficient heat transfer and distribution to the reactivation airflow 15as it comes in contact passing across the surface and through themetallic coils assembly 9 in the reactivation section 38. As shown inFIGS. 6 and 7 the tightly spaced coil design of the metallic coilsassembly 9 allows for a more effective and substantial heat transferradiated from the heated thermal fluid onto the metal coils/tubing andradiated to the reactivation airflow 15.

A temperature rise of the reactivation airflow 15 of 170-200 degrees isachieved as it passes through the metallic coils assembly 9 in thereactivation section 38. This temperature rise in the reactivationairflow 15 and induction of high heat has an demagnetizing effect on thedesiccant impregnated core material 6 within the desiccant rotor/wheelassembly 5. This super heated reactivation airflow 15 induces thedesiccant impregnated core material 6 to rapidly release its retainedaccumulated moisture vapors back into the reactivation airflow 15discharging through the reactivation outlet 54 to ambient and outside ofthe enclosure or area which is being dehumidified. The desiccant corematerial 6 is then ready for reuse, as the desiccant rotor/wheelassembly 5 rotates about it longitudinal axis and back into the airdehumidification process section 35. The heated thermal fluid (notshown) is simultaneously propelled and siphoned as it continues totransfer and radiate its heat as it flows through the metallic coilsassembly 9 in the reactivation section 38. As viewed on FIGS. 4 and 6,the continuous and simultaneous siphoning and propelling of the heatedthermal fluid (not shown) is duplicated by means of a second pump whichis the return pump 41. This return pump 41 draws the thermal fluid backinto the glass-ceramic coils assembly 39 in the microwave heatingchamber 36 as part of a coils assemblies 9 and 39 closed-loop circuit.Therefore, in a perpetual cycle, the thermal fluid (not shown) undergoesrepeated exposure to the microwave electromagnetic energy causingmolecular excitation, atomic motion, high temperature rise between250-300 degrees Fahrenheit and heat generation.

Consequently, the thermal fluid is the medium which moves back and forthpassing through the microwave heating chamber 36 where it rapidlyabsorbs intense heat and onto the reactivation section 38 where it thenreleases this intense heat by dissipation and radiation as part of theMicrowave Reactivation System 33. In the preferred embodiment, in FIG.6, the thermal fluid circulation pumps 40 and 41 are of explosion-proofconstruction and rating, but alternate non-explosion-proof type can beinstalled. The modulation and cycling of the power to the high voltagepart 40 is governed by the PLC controller panel 29 with data feedprovided from temperature and airflow sensors located within thedehumidification system 31. As viewed on FIG. 6, there are two (2)temperature thermocouple type sensors 48 and 49, one located in themicrowave heating chamber 36 and the other in the reactivation section38. The temperature sensor 49 located in the reactivation section 38 hasa secondary function which is that of an airflow sensor. A third sensor50 functioning as an airflow sensor is located in the reactivationsection 38. All sensors are mounted in place by a support bracket andinterconnected by cable installed in a system of electrical metallicconduits (not shown) to the control part and circuit in the (PLC)programmable logic controller panel 29.

These sensors enable the detection of temperature and air pressurevariations in the microwave heating chamber 36, the reactivation section38 and the process section 35, then relay this information data to PLCcontroller panel 29 which in turn governs the high voltage part 40 todirect output power to the microwave heating chamber 36.

Consequently, in FIG. 6 the temperature thermocouple type sensor 48located in the microwave heating chamber 36 ensures that the MicrowaveReactivation System 33 operates and modulates as required in order toautomatically generate the microwave energy needed to achieve andmaintain the desired high temperature settings. These temperaturesettings within the microwave heating chamber 36 are required in orderto ensure proper heat transfer to the thermal fluid as it flows throughthe coils assembly 39 in the microwave heating chamber 36 and into thecoils assembly 9 in the reactivation section 38. This thermocouple typesensor 48 detects the temperature within the microwave heating chamber36 as it is emitted off of the glass-ceramic coils assembly 39 whichcontains the heat thermal fluid. As shown in FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 7 thisinteraction between the temperature sensor 48 in the microwave heatingchamber 36, the temperature and airflow sensor 49 in the reactivationsection 38, the airflow sensor 50 in the process section 35 provide realtime data/information to the PLC controller panel 29. In acquiring thisinformation, the PLC controller panel 29 governs the high voltage part40 part of the Microwave Reactivation System 33, ensuring that thespecified reactivation airflow 15 temperature is achieved and maintainedfor an effective reactivation/regeneration of the desiccant rotor/wheelassembly 5 core material 6 within the air dehumidification system 31. Inturn, the airflow pressure sensors 49 and 50 in both the reactivationsection 38 and process section 35 ensure that proper airflow staticpressure is consistently maintained. These sensors are also safetydevices during operation which will identify and signal an alarm on thePLC controller panel 29 screen if there is a malfunction such as lowreactivation temperature or drop in airflow pressure.

These sensors will also shut down the unit by signaling the controlcircuit in the PLC controller panel 29 in the case where the temperatureexceeds the prescribed high temperature limit or when there is asubstantial drop or loss of airflow through the system due to blockageof the inlet or outlet ports.

In the preferred embodiment, the electrical connections of thesecomponents to each other and the control part or PLC controller panel 29is achieved by way of several electrical conduit systems (not shown)which are constructed and connected in part to the dehumidificationsystem frame 16, yet accessible for maintenance and verification. In thepreferred embodiment, all of the electrical conduits and wiring in thedehumidification system 31 are designed and rated for use in hazardousand volatile environments. It will be understood that in alternativeembodiments, the Microwave Reactivation System 33 will incorporatedesign modifications which will allow for variations in performancecapabilities. The modifications will determine size, output capacity andoperational ranges in order to adapt to any dehumidification system 31requirements whether it is a standard desiccant dehumidification, HVACor explosion-proof dehumidification system.

The following is a resume of the operation of the Microwave ReactivationSystem 33 within a dehumidification system 31. As shown in FIGS. 2 and4, upon deployment of the dehumidification system 31, the desiccantrotor/wheel assembly 5 is driven to rotate by means of a rotation motor11 and belt assembly 12.

Consequently, both the process section 35 and reactivation section 38high static blowers 8 and 14 are activated and operating. The processsection 35 high static blower 14 draws through the process inlet 51 andfilter (not shown) the airflow 13 from either the ambient air or from anenclosed space, defined in FIG. 2. As the process airflow 13 passesthrough the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 core material 6 it isstripped of its moisture vapors which are retained by the inner channels7 impregnated with a desiccant material which acts as a moisture magnet.The resultant is dry air which exits the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5 and is exhausted by means of a high static blower 14 from the processsection 35 through the process outlet 52 into the enclosure or spacethat must be treated and humidity controlled. The process outlet 52 dryair supply high static blower 14 will maintain a recommended airflowstatic pressure for various flow rates (cubic feet per minute—CFM) of atleast 2.5 to 3.0+ inches of water column (WC) to provide effective dryair distribution within the space or enclosure to be treated anddehumidified. This process section 35 dry airflow 13 supply hasextremely low moisture content or greatly reduced to a predetermined ordesired moisture level. Simultaneously, the reactivation section 38 highstatic blower 8 draws the reactivation airflow 15 from the ambient airand through the reactivation inlet 53 and filter (not shown) defined inFIG. 2.

In the preferred embodiment, the reactivation airflow 15 rate will bemaintained at least 15 cubic meters per minute/530 cubic feet perminute. As the reactivation airflow 15 passes through the reactivationsection 38 its temperature immediately increases as a result of anintense heat transfer radiated from the heated thermal fluid (not shown)within the metallic coils assembly 9 part of the Microwave ReactivationSystem 33. Though there could be acceptable variations in thereactivation airflow 15 temperature, the recommended operatingtemperature of the reactivation airflow 15 should reach between degrees;120 C to 150 C/250 F to 300 F. Subsequently, the super heatedreactivation airflow 15 flows through the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly5 core material 6 which is saturated with moisture vapors.

This super heated reactivation airflow 15 serves to regenerate the “V”shaped section 59 of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5 core material6. The high heat has a demagnetizing effect on the inner channels 7 ofthe perforated desiccant core material 6 causing the desiccant corematerial 6 to release the moisture vapors back into the reactivationairflow 15 previously collected and retained within the desiccantrotor/wheel assembly 5 core material 6 from exposure to the processsection 35 airflow 13. The moisture laden reactivation airflow 15 isthen discharged by means of the high static blower 8 through thereactivation outlet 54 into ambient and away from the space or enclosureto be treated and dehumidified.

It is recommended to ensure that the reactivation section 38 dischargetemperature leaving the reactivation outlet 54 does not exceed degrees;50 C/122 F. During the rotation of the desiccant rotor/wheel assembly 5,prior to re-entering the process section 35, the desiccant core material6 is cooled down in order to greatly reduce the vapor pressure of thedesiccant core material 6, enhancing its tremendously effectiveadsorbing properties. The slow rotational speed of the desiccantrotor/wheel assembly 5; full rotation once every 8 to 10 minutes, isrequired to enable the cooling down of the desiccant core material 6.

Although the foregoing description and accompanying drawings relate tospecific preferred embodiments of the present invention and specificmethods of reactivation and heat generation for dehumidification systemsas presently contemplated by the inventor, it will be understood thatvarious modifications, changes and adaptations, may be made withoutdeparting in any way from the spirit of the invention.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning(HVAC) system comprising: a cabinet including an airway path; amicrowave heating section comprised of: a microwave unit for producingand housing microwaves therein; a first coil assembly containing thermalheating fluid therein, where the first coil assembly includes a firsthollow serpentine coil section through which the thermal heating fluidpasses, where said hollow serpentine coil section of the first coilassembly is positioned at least partially within said microwave unit;and a second coil assembly including a second hollow serpentine coilsection through which the thermal heating fluid passes, wherein saidsecond hollow serpentine coil section of the second coil assembly ispositioned at least partially within said airway path, said first andsecond coil assemblies being linked to form a closed loop system; and ablower for drawing an airflow of ambient air into said cabinet airwaypath, across said coil assembly thereby heating the airflow, and out ofthe cabinet.
 2. The system of claim 1 further including a pump forpumping the thermal heating fluid substantially continuously through thefirst coil assembly and the second coil assembly.
 3. The system of claim1 wherein the first coil section is comprised of a ceramic material andthe second coil section is comprised of a metal.
 4. The system of claim1 further including at least one of a compressor, a condenser coil andan evaporator coil.
 5. The HVAC system of claim 1 wherein the first andsecond coil assemblies are secured in place using at least one shockresistant mounting bracket.
 6. A method of treating ambient air via anHVAC unit, the method comprising the steps of: heating a thermal fluidwithin a first hollow serpentine coil section of a first coil assemblyby exposing at least a part of the first hollow serpentine coil sectionand the thermal fluid contained therein to microwaves within a microwaveunit; drawing ambient air as an airflow into an airway path within acabinet via a blower; pumping said heated thermal fluid into a secondcoil assembly, where at least a second hollow serpentine coil section ofthe second coil assembly is positioned at least partially within theairway path; heating said airflow by drawing said airflow across saidsecond hollow serpentine coil section of the second coil assembly;expelling said heated airflow from the cabinet.
 7. The method of 6further including the steps of: passing the airflow across a condensercoil and an evaporator coil, said condenser coil and evaporator coilconnected to a compressor in a closed loop, said steps of passing theairflow over the second coil section of the coil assembly, condensercoil and evaporator coil serving to air condition and dehumidify theairflow.